[chfast]

GCC 15 and 16 compile stack.push() of an integer by building the uint256 temporary in a stack slot and copying it to the EVM stack: 3 stores, 2 loads and 2 more stores instead of the 4 stores GCC 14 and Clang emit. This slows down PC, GAS, CALLDATASIZE, RETURNDATASIZE, MSIZE and the other instructions pushing an integer: CodSpeed measures them up to 20% slower with GCC 15 than with GCC 14.

Add a push() overload for uint64_t which assigns the value to the stack slot, so GCC 15 and 16 compile these instructions as GCC 14 does. The two pushes of int64_t values, GAS and PC in Advanced, now cast explicitly instead of relying on the conversion to uint256.

[codspeed]

Merging this PR will regress 47 benchmarks

2 warnings

⚠️ 711 benchmarks with a significant change ran on different hardware

Their base and head results were measured on machines with a different CPU, core count or memory, so the changes might not come from the code. Run base and head on the same runner type.

Learn more about Macro Runners

See affected benchmarks

⚠️ 711 benchmarks with a significant change ran in a different software environment

Their base and head results were measured with a different OS or toolchain, such as compiler, runtime or library versions, so the changes might come from this difference rather than from the code. Open an affected benchmark to see what changed.

See affected benchmarks

⚡ 664 improved benchmarks
❌ 47 regressed benchmarks
✅ 188 untouched benchmarks

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
❌	test_ripemd160_fixed_size[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-size_1024-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	12 ms	43.3 ms	-72.2%
❌	test_ripemd160[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	12 ms	42.5 ms	-71.72%
❌	test_ripemd160_fixed_size[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-size_256-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	10.7 ms	35.8 ms	-70.16%
❌	test_ripemd160_fixed_size[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-size_0-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	7.6 ms	19.4 ms	-60.56%
❌	test_ripemd160_fixed_size[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-size_32-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	6.9 ms	17 ms	-59.1%
❌	modexp<expmod_execute_evmone>[mod_len:32/mod_tz:254/exp_bits:256]	114.1 µs	136.3 µs	-16.28%
❌	modexp<expmod_execute_evmone>[mod_len:32/mod_tz:254/exp_bits:33]	29 µs	32.1 µs	-9.53%
❌	precompile<ecrecover, ecrecover_execute_libsecp256k1>	3 ms	3.3 ms	-9.31%
❌	precompile<p256verify, p256verify_execute>	12.2 ms	13.4 ms	-9.17%
❌	test_p256verify[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-p256verify_modular_comp_x_coordinate_exceeds_n-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	179.7 ms	197.5 ms	-9.02%
❌	test_p256verify[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-p256verify-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	172.6 ms	189.6 ms	-8.98%
❌	test_ecrecover[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-ecrecover-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	90.2 ms	98.9 ms	-8.76%
❌	precompile<ecrecover, ecrecover_execute_evmone>	11.1 ms	12.1 ms	-8.58%
❌	test_auth_transaction[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_True-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	47 ms	50.6 ms	-7.04%
❌	test_auth_transaction[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-zero_delegation_True-empty_authority_False-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	47.3 ms	50.8 ms	-6.92%
❌	test_auth_transaction[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_False-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	47.7 ms	51.2 ms	-6.84%
❌	test_auth_transaction[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-zero_delegation_False-empty_authority_True-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	47.7 ms	51.2 ms	-6.78%
❌	test_arithmetic[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-opcode_MUL--benchmark-gas-value_1M]	12.4 ms	13.1 ms	-5.61%
❌	test_calldatacopy_from_origin[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_1024-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	11.5 ms	11.9 ms	-3.16%
❌	test_calldatacopy_from_origin[fork_Osaka-blockchain_test-calldata_size_32-fixed_src_dst_True-mem_size_32-benchmark-gas-value_1M]	11.5 ms	11.9 ms	-3.13%
...	...	...	...	...

ℹ️ Only the first 20 benchmarks are displayed. Go to the app to view all benchmarks.

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.

---

_{Comparing evm/push-uint64 (7693d83) with master (1775e4d)}

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 98.24%. Comparing base (1775e4d) to head (7693d83).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##           master    #1799   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   98.24%   98.24%           
=======================================
  Files         186      186           
  Lines       17175    17176    +1     
  Branches     3921     3921           
=======================================
+ Hits        16873    16874    +1     
  Misses        233      233           
  Partials       69       69           

Flag	Coverage Δ
eest-develop-gmp	26.96% <66.66%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
eest-legacy	17.22% <66.66%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
eest-libsecp256k1	29.11% <66.66%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
eest-stable	84.24% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
evmone-unittests	94.11% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
riscv64	94.82% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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Components	Coverage Δ
core	96.62% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
tooling	94.87% <ø> (ø)
tests	99.82% <ø> (ø)

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/evmone/advanced_instructions.cpp	96.87% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/evmone/instructions.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

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