[py] Drop Python 3.10 support

MODULE.bazel

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ bazel_dep(name = "rules_multitool", version = "1.11.1")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_nodejs", version = "6.7.6")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_oci", version = "2.3.0")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_pkg", version = "1.3.0")
-bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "2.4.2")
+bazel_dep(name = "rules_python", version = "2.4.5")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_proto", version = "7.1.0")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_ruby", version = "0.29.0")
 bazel_dep(name = "rules_rs", version = "0.1.0")
@@ -149,9 +149,8 @@ register_toolchains("@dotnet_toolchains//:all")
 python = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:python.bzl", "python")
 python.toolchain(
     is_default = True,
-    python_version = "3.10.20",
+    python_version = "3.11.15",
 )
-python.toolchain(python_version = "3.11.15")
 python.toolchain(python_version = "3.12.13")
 python.toolchain(python_version = "3.13.13")
 python.toolchain(python_version = "3.14.4")
@@ -168,7 +167,6 @@ pip = use_extension("@rules_python//python/extensions:pip.bzl", "pip")
         use_hub_alias_dependencies = True,
     )
     for version in [
-        "3.10.20",
         "3.11.15",
         "3.12.13",
         "3.13.13",

common/devtools/BUILD.bazel

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ py_binary(
         "convert_protocol_to_json.py",
         "pdl.py",
     ],
+    imports = ["."],
     main = "convert_protocol_to_json.py",
     visibility = [
         "//common/devtools:__subpackages__",

multitool.lock.json

@@ -92,41 +92,41 @@
     "binaries": [
       {
         "kind": "archive",
-        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.1/ruff-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz",
+        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.2/ruff-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz",
         "file": "ruff-aarch64-unknown-linux-musl/ruff",
-        "sha256": "255404ccf2f7950ff6aad8858321a6f416fe2a840ae4e37dfb4c21cb8774f325",
+        "sha256": "ba1a3a43f8afc7bda55f8be2c600a1c8966390c3de17526bb1e6c5609c2e9fa0",
         "os": "linux",
         "cpu": "arm64"
       },
       {
         "kind": "archive",
-        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.1/ruff-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz",
+        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.2/ruff-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz",
         "file": "ruff-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl/ruff",
-        "sha256": "2d9878b5e6a3d0dedadbfc01a64bfe54e72f560adbfd235937cd29e1fc9238e3",
+        "sha256": "d6407f429ef15e558cbe980d30a67f27d02e3d2f72780be141ee006b2fdf7df3",
         "os": "linux",
         "cpu": "x86_64"
       },
       {
         "kind": "archive",
-        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.1/ruff-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.2/ruff-aarch64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
         "file": "ruff-aarch64-apple-darwin/ruff",
-        "sha256": "1c8e6e36538eaa0b996378a20c226403c4ca6369ac24884751b024d3a9530b86",
+        "sha256": "94fbca85f19e8b6bb068adb7cbc9a74e3e6c01004cc67c6b00246a094ad4ccd9",
         "os": "macos",
         "cpu": "arm64"
       },
       {
         "kind": "archive",
-        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.1/ruff-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
+        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.2/ruff-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.gz",
         "file": "ruff-x86_64-apple-darwin/ruff",
-        "sha256": "88ee16f88dba9d440e06375f46898ec85baf578042ad086764d5a33558bb6e17",
+        "sha256": "db57a84e385435a2c4a7c8946e588f79b9de0851d8618a1b5d4431edfff0bf01",
         "os": "macos",
         "cpu": "x86_64"
       },
       {
         "kind": "archive",
-        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.1/ruff-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.zip",
+        "url": "https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff/releases/download/0.17.2/ruff-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.zip",
         "file": "ruff-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc/ruff.exe",
-        "sha256": "a841fb7e59680508b9394bfea32e369b3907cc6620a491c65d8d1f479498db82",
+        "sha256": "6f4de58abd7c8de2e8702a89fc0f221e6ca858ad23e25c658c707d83a48c79a0",
         "os": "windows",
         "cpu": "x86_64"
       }

py/AGENTS.md

@@ -57,17 +57,17 @@ def method(param: Optional[str]) -> Optional[int]:
 
 ### Python version
 
-Code must work with Python 3.10 or later. Use modern syntax features available in 3.10+:
+Code must work with Python 3.11 or later. Use modern syntax features available in 3.11+:
 
 - Use `|` for union types instead of `Union[]`
 - Use `X | None` instead of `Optional[X]`
 
-When running tests or code in the terminal, explicitly use `python3.10` or later:
+When running tests or code in the terminal, explicitly use `python3.11` or later:
 
 ```bash
 # Use explicitly
-python3.10 -c "..."
 python3.11 -c "..."
+python3.12 -c "..."
 
 # Avoid relying on `python3` as it may be 3.9 or earlier
 ```

py/BUILD.bazel

@@ -343,7 +343,6 @@ py_library(
         ":exceptions",
         ":latest",
         ":remote",
-        requirement("typing_extensions"),
     ],
 )
 
@@ -656,7 +655,6 @@ py_wheel(
         "Topic :: Software Development :: Testing",
         "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries",
         "Programming Language :: Python",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
@@ -667,13 +665,12 @@ py_wheel(
     distribution = "selenium",
     homepage = "https://www.selenium.dev",
     license = "Apache-2.0",
-    python_requires = ">=3.10",
+    python_requires = ">=3.11",
     python_tag = "py3",
     requires = [
-        "certifi>=2026.2.25",
+        "certifi>=2026.10.23",
         "trio>=0.31.0,<1.0",
         "trio-websocket>=0.12.2,<1.0",
-        "typing_extensions>=4.15.0,<5.0",
         "urllib3[socks]>=2.6.3,<3.0",
         "websocket-client>=1.8.0,<2.0",
     ],

py/docs/source/index.rst

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Updated documentation published with each commit is available at: `readthedocs.i
 Supported Python Versions
 =========================
 
-* Python 3.10+
+* Python 3.11+
 
 Supported Browsers
 ==================

py/private/bidi_enhancements_manifest.py

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 including custom dataclass methods, parameter validation/transformation,
 response deserialization, and field extraction.
 
-All code must be compatible with Python 3.10+.
+All code must be compatible with Python 3.11+.
 """
 
 from __future__ import annotations

py/pyproject.toml

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ license = "Apache-2.0"
 license-files = ["LICENSE", "NOTICE"]
 description = "Official Python bindings for Selenium WebDriver."
 readme = "README.rst"
-requires-python = ">=3.10"
+requires-python = ">=3.11"
 classifiers = [
     "Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable",
     "Intended Audience :: Developers",
@@ -19,18 +19,16 @@ classifiers = [
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Testing",
     "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries",
     "Programming Language :: Python",
-    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.13",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.14",
     "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.15",
 ]
 dependencies = [
-    "certifi>=2026.2.25",
+    "certifi>=2026.10.23",
     "trio>=0.31.0,<1.0",
     "trio-websocket>=0.12.2,<1.0",
-    "typing_extensions>=4.15.0,<5.0",
     "urllib3[socks]>=2.6.3,<3.0",
     "websocket-client>=1.8.0,<2.0",
 ]
@@ -142,7 +140,7 @@ extend-exclude = [
 ]
 line-length = 120
 respect-gitignore = true
-target-version = "py310"
+target-version = "py311"
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 # Whole families are listed bare; individually-named rules are families whose
@@ -188,6 +186,7 @@ extend-ignore = [
     "RUF005", # Uses of the + operator to concatenate collections
     "RUF012", # Mutable default values in class attributes
     "RUF059", # Unpacked variable is never used
+    "UP042", # Class inherits from both str and Enum instead of StrEnum
 ]
 
 # These globs are matched against paths relative to the working directory, not to

py/requirements.txt

@@ -6,31 +6,31 @@
 # === Direct dev tooling ===
 filetype~=1.2
 inflection~=0.5
-mypy~=2.1
-pydata-sphinx-theme~=0.19
-pytest~=9.0
+mypy~=2.4
+pydata-sphinx-theme~=0.23
+pytest~=9.1
 pytest-instafail~=0.5
-pytest-mock~=3.15
+pytest-mock~=3.17
 pytest-trio~=0.8
 rich~=15.0
-Sphinx~=8.1
-tox~=4.54
+Sphinx~=9.0
+tox~=4.67
 trio-typing~=0.10
-twine~=6.2
+twine~=7.0
 types-certifi~=2021.10
 types-PySocks~=1.7
-zipp~=3.23
+zipp~=4.1
 
 # === Platform-specific transitive deps ===
 # Listed explicitly so they appear in requirements_lock.txt regardless of
 # which platform runs compile_pip_requirements. Otherwise pip-compile on
 # macOS silently drops them and Linux/Windows CI breaks.
 
 # Linux keyring backend (twine -> keyring -> secretstorage -> cryptography):
-cffi~=2.0
-cryptography~=48.0
+cffi~=2.1
+cryptography~=50.0
 jeepney~=0.9
-pycparser~=3.0
+pycparser~=3.1
 secretstorage~=3.5
 
 # Windows keyring backend (twine -> keyring -> pywin32-ctypes):